Targeting inflammation in glioblastoma: An updated review from pathophysiology to novel therapeutic approaches (2024)

Targeting inflammation in glioblastoma: An updated review from pathophysiology to novel therapeutic approaches (1) https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038245 · Targeting inflammation in glioblastoma: An updated review from pathophysiology to novel therapeutic approaches (2)

Видання: Medicine, 2024, №21, с.e38245

Видавець: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Автори: Nasser M. Alorfi, Ahmed M. Ashour, Adnan S. Alharbi, Fahad S. Alshehri

Анотація

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis despite current treatment strategies. Inflammation plays an essential role in GBM pathophysiology, contributing to tumor growth, invasion, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis. As a result, pharmacological intervention with anti-inflammatory drugs has been used as a potential approach for the management of GBM. To provide an overview of the current understanding of GBM pathophysiology, potential therapeutic applications of anti-inflammatory drugs in GBM, conventional treatments of glioblastoma and emerging therapeutic approaches currently under investigation. A narrative review was carried out, scanning publications from 2000 to 2023 on PubMed and Google Scholar. The search was not guided by a set research question or a specific search method but rather focused on the area of interest. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have shown some benefits, but their effectiveness is limited by various factors such as tumor heterogeneity and resistance.

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Дані публікації

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Кількість джерел у списку літератури: 108
Видання індексується в Scopus Так
Видання індексується в Web of Science Так
Targeting inflammation in glioblastoma: An updated review from pathophysiology to novel therapeutic approaches (2024)

FAQs

What are the therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma? ›

The current standard of care for GBM involves the combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy [23]. Traditionally, whole brain radiation therapy was used. However due to the side effects of exposure of the normal brain to radiation, such as cognitive impairment, current practice utilizes focal radiotherapy treatment.

What is the most promising treatment for glioblastoma? ›

A team of Michigan State University scientists has unveiled a potential game-changer in the fight against glioblastoma, the most common and currently incurable form of brain cancer. Their weapon of choice? A drug-like compound named Ogremorphin, or OGM.

How long can you have glioblastoma before symptoms? ›

Glioblastomas can sometimes grow for nearly a year before symptoms suddenly appear. Some patients may experience gradual changes, such as problems with language, concentration, or coordination and strength on one side of the body.

What is the pathophysiology of glioblastoma? ›

Glioblastoma cells show over-expression of certain growth factors and their receptors. This creates an autocrine growth-promoting loop which provides growth advantage to rapidly proliferating tumour cells.

What is targeted therapy for glioblastoma? ›

Bevacizumab, given with lomustine, is used to treat glioblastoma (GBM) and may be used to treat other types of brain and spinal cord tumours. It is given by IV infusion, usually every 2 weeks.

How fast does glioblastoma grow back after surgery? ›

Because of this, the tumor usually grows back within six to nine months of initial diagnosis and treatment. Notably, glioblastoma cells can also survive treatment by changing or adapting to their environment. Being able to predict how these changes occur is a crucial step to increasing patient survival.

What is the wonder drug for glioblastoma? ›

Temozolomide was the first drug to improve survival for people with the most common and aggressive type of adult brain tumour: glioblastoma.

How do you slow down glioblastoma? ›

Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy can help slow the tumor's growth, but the disease remains incurable.

Has anyone been cured from glioblastoma? ›

Prognosis is poor: death occurs within 12–18 months from diagnosis. There is however a small percentage of Patients affected by glioblastoma who survive 3 years or longer. There are some exceptional cases when people have survived decades after surgical removal of a glioblastoma without any recurrence.

What are the signs that glioblastoma is getting worse? ›

If untreated, GBM can quickly grow and spread through the brain. This can lead to ongoing functional loss and increasing intracranial pressure. Headaches, seizures, personality changes, and unstable moods are common.

Is glioblastoma curable if caught early? ›

There is currently no cure for glioblastoma. The median length of survival after a diagnosis is 15-18 months, while the disease's five-year survival rate is around 10%. Though all glioblastomas recur, initial treatments may keep the tumor controlled for months or even years.

Can a glioblastoma lie dormant for years? ›

Cancer stem cells could remain in a dormant state “anywhere from months to many years, depending on the tumor type and how effective the treatment was,” said Dr. Bagley.

What is the dying process with glioblastoma? ›

As patients near the glioblastoma end-of-life stage, patients may lose the ability to speak, eat, and move. They may also suffer from seizures, hallucinations, or changes in breathing pattern. The skin may take on a bluish tint, and the patient may become increasingly lethargic.

What triggers glioblastoma? ›

In most cases, the exact underlying cause of glioblastoma multiforme is unknown. In rare cases, it can occur in people with certain genetic syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis type 1, Turcot syndrome and Li Fraumeni syndrome.

Can glioblastoma go into remission? ›

In remission, symptoms may let up or disappear for a time. Glioblastomas often regrow. If that happens, doctors may be able to treat it with surgery and a different form of radiation and chemotherapy.

What are the treatment strategies for glioblastoma? ›

The current standard of care since 2005 comprises maximal safe resection followed by radiation with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide; more recently, the addition of tumor treating fields was approved in the newly diagnosed and recurrent disease settings.

What are the standard of care treatment options for glioblastoma? ›

Maximal Surgical Resection

Microscopic cells often remain and the tumor will eventually grow back. To slow down the growth of tumor cells, surgery is typically followed by six weeks of treatment which consists of a combination of daily oral chemotherapy (temozolomide) and radiation treatments.

What is the therapeutic procedure for brain tumor? ›

MRI-guided laser ablation and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT): Radiologists and neurosurgeons use computer technology and intraoperative imaging to locate a tumor and precisely destroy the cancerous cells with lasers or heat.

What are the commonly used therapeutic management of tumors? ›

Some are "local" treatments like surgery and radiation therapy, which are used to treat a specific tumor or area of the body. Drug treatments (such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy) are often called "systemic" treatments because they can affect the entire body.

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